I believe ADAC doesn’t count most software related problems reported because they are either fixable without a visit to a dealer or often end-user fault.
Consumer reports on the other hand take any reported issue, user errors included, to count toward their “reliability” scores.
That is one of the reasons Tesla has been rated so low forever. They count a software update to fix something as a reliability issue even if it doesn’t require any service visit or action on the customer’s part.
Yes, Consumer Reports.
They provide details on how they score their reliability rankings. I’ll let you look it up since I’m not Google. But they state they factor in “Owner Satisfaction”, which is self-reported from vehicle owners for literally anything they have had problems with and are not limited to actual mechanical issues requiring service.