The examples being lets say BMW E46 M3 and the new BMW G80 M3. The E46 has a 3.2 i6 NA that makes 338hp, the G80 M3 has a 3.0 i6 twin turbo that makes 510hp.
What technological advancements have been made, other than the turbos and 20 years, that separate these 2 cars?
If you know something really technical feel free to share.
It’s almost entirely down to the turbos. NA engines can only really be pushed so hard before they become full-on race engines with special high-octane race gas/ethanol and insanely high compression. Manufacturers can’t really get away with putting those into production cars because it’s impossible to warranty a race motor to 60k+ miles of daily abuse.
The only other way to make more power NA is by going bigger with displacement, but fuel economy/environmental regulations make that impossible for any large-scale manufacturer.